FM-quiz EEU

“Lung sliding” and “lung pulse”

Examine the video clips and find out which one shows lung sliding and which one shows lung pulse. Select the true statement below.

Alternative

Lung sliding is seen in A, and lung pulse is seen in B
Lung sliding is seen in B, and lung pulse is seen in A

Abdominal aortic aneurism and rupture

In a patient with relevant symptoms, which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply.

Alternative

A maximum abdominal aortic diameter >3.5 cm supports a suspicion of rupture
Rupture into the retroperitoneum is easily identified using ultrasonography
Free intraperitoneal fluid is always seen in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurism
Free intraperitoneal fluid supports a suspicion of rupture
A maximum abdominal aortic diameter of <5 cm rules out a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurism
A maximum abdominal aortic diameter <3.5 reduces a suspicion of rupture

Lung point

Explore the video and decide which of the following statements about lung point are true. Select all that apply.

Alternative

The lung point represents the transition zone between air-filled pleura and the reunion of the pleural blades
B represents the area of air-filled pleura and separation of pleural blades
B represents the area of contact between the pleural blades
A represents the area of air-filled pleura and separation of pleural blades
A represents the area of contact between the pleural blades
The absence of lung-sliding, B-lines and lung pulse together with the presence of a 'lung point' is diagnostic of PTX

Free intraperitoneal fluid

Look at the images – in which of these is free intraperitoneal fluid visible?

Free intraperitoneal fluid is visible in A
Free intraperitoneal fluid is visible in B
Free intraperitoneal fluid is visible in C
Free intraperitoneal fluid is visible in D

B-lines and pulmonary edema

Examine the image and consider the focused question: Are signs of pulmonary edema present or can pulmonary edema be excluded? Select the true statement below.

If multiple B-lines in more than one view bilaterally is present, the patient undoubtedly has pulmonary edema
If multiple B-lines are not present, the patient does not have pulmonary edema

Match the phrase at the top with the correct option below to form true statements by dragging the answer into the answer box.

Sort elements

give high resolution optimal for visualisation of superficial structures
give good penetration for visualisation of deeper structure
is on the right side of the screen
is on the left side of the screen
can be established by the “finger-trick”
is a predefined setting appropriate for a specific examination

Place your answers

Higher frequency transducers
Lower frequency transducers
In cardiac ultrasonography the orientation indicator (OI)
In all abdominal and lung ultrasonography the orientation indicator (OI)
The relation between the orientation marker (OM) and the orientation indicator (OI)
Preset

Keypoints of the S4C view

Which statements about the subcostal 4 chamber view are true? Select all that apply.

The chamber with the letter A is the right ventricle
The subcostal view cannot be used for assessment of left ventricle systolic function
A deep inspiration often improves image quality
Obtaining a S4C view is done with the orientation marker aiming towards the patient’s right shoulder

Intercostal view, identifying structures

In the image each letter labels a structure. Insert the correct letters for each statement and click “Next”.

shows the pleura

shows image artefacts from the echoes of the overlying skin, muscle, costae and pleural line

shows rib shadow

shows intercostal muscle

shows the skin

shows costa

Keypoints of the A4C view. The A4CH view

The chamber with the letter A is the left ventricle
The apical 4-chamber apical Is especially valuable in assessing a suspicion of ascending aortic aneurism
The left ventricular myocardium is visible in the image
Obtaining the A4C is done with the orientation marker pointing toward the patient’s left side

2D sonoanatomy of the perisplenic and perihepatic views

In the image each letter labels a structure. Insert the correct letters for each statement and click “Next”.

shows the splenorenal recess

shows the diaphragm on patient’s left side

shows the diaphragm on patient’s right side

shows the spleen

shows Morrison’s pouch

shows liver

Keypoints of the PLAX view

Which statements about evaluating the heart by the PLAX view are true? Select all that apply.

This is the best view for evaluating a suspicion of ascending aortic aneurism
This is the best view for assessing a suspicion of a pulmonary embolism
The aorta is on the right side of the screen
The orientation marker (OM) is aimed towards the patient’s right shoulder

Pericardial fluid collection

The video clip shows four PLAX views. Which one of them represents pericardial fluid collection?

A shows a pericardial fluid collection around the heart
B shows a pericardial fluid collection around the heart
C shows a pericardial fluid collection around the heart
D shows a pericardial fluid collection around the heart

Eyeballing left ventricular systolic function 1

The videos show four different hearts. Which of the statements below are correct? Select all that apply.

A is a subcostal 4 chamber view showing normal EF
All views are subcostal 4 chamber views
D shows normal EF
A and B both show severely reduced EF
A is a subcostal 4 chamber view showing reduced EF
In all views the orientation indicator is placed correctly on the right side of the screen

Eyeballing left ventricular systolic function 2. The videos show four different hearts. Which of these statements are correct?

A is a parasternal short axis view showing normal EF
All views are parasternal short axis views
D is a short axis view and shows normal EF
Only A and B show reduced EF
D but not A, B and C show normal systolic endocardial movement and thickening

Pulmonary embolism

Which of the following statements regarding assessment of pulmonary embolism are correct? Select all that apply.

A normally sized right ventricle rules out pulmonary embolism
The video to the left shows an enlarged right ventricle supporting a suspicion of embolism

Ascending aortic dissection 1. In a patient with relevant symptoms suggesting type A dissection of the ascending aorta

an ascending aortic diameter of > 5 cm supports the suspicion of dissection
an ascending aortic diameter of < 5 cm at the largest point rules out dissection
a pericardial fluid collection supports the suspicion of dissection
the aortic diameter is best assessed from the subcostal 4-chamber view

Ultrasound physics

Which of the following statements regarding ultrasound physics are true? Select all that apply.

Ultrasound is low frequency sound that the human ear cannot perceive
One of the advantages of the cardiac transducer is that it can look into small acoustic windows
A given preset for a given examination is not necessarily the optimal preset. Different presets can be tried out to get the best image
The advantage of the low frequency abdominal transducer is high resolution of superficial structures
The penetration of ultrasound through the ribs is very good and a detailed image of the structures inside the bone can be obtained
An acoustic window is a passage / "hole" into body tissues where ultrasound waves can penetrate

Ascending aortic dissection 2. In a patient with chest pain

A causes suspicion of type A aortic dissection
B causes suspicion of type A aortic dissection

Correct orientation of the transducer

The image on the left shows correct and inverted orientation of the probe. Which of the following statements are correct? Select all that apply.

The transducer in A is correctly oriented, and the transducer in B is incorrectly oriented
The orientation indicator (OI) on the screen is correctly oriented in both A and B

Key points of the abdominal aorta view

Which statements regarding this image of a cross-sectional view of the great vessels in upper abdomen are true? Select all that apply.

The structure marked with A is the abdominal aorta
The structure marked with B is the abdominal aorta
The structure marked with C is the vertebral column
The structure marked with A is the inferior vena cava

Optimizing depth and gain

The picture shows two ultrasound images, where B is an optimized image of A. Which statements about B are true?

Depth is unchanged
Depth is decreased
Depth is increased
Gain is decreased
Gain is unchanged
Gain is increased

Perihepatic view

Which of the following statements regarding the perihepatic view are correct? Select all that apply.

The oritentation marker should be aimed towards the patient’s feet
It is important to visualise the tip of the liver
The picture to the left is a perisplenic view showing the diaphragm, spleen and kidney
Fluid often accumulates in the hepatorenal recess (Morison’s pouch)

Optimizing depth and gain

The image shows two ultrasound images, where B is an optimized image of A. Which statements about B are true?

Depth is decreased
Depth is unchanged
Depth is increased
Gain is decreased
Gain is unchanged
Gain is increased

Perisplenic view

Which of the following statements regarding the perisplenic view are correct? Select all that apply.

The image is a perisplenic view showing the spleen, diaphragm and kidney
Fluid often collects between the spleen and the diaphragm (subdiaphragmatic)
The orientation marker should be aimed towards the patient’s head
The perisplenic view alone is sufficient to rule out free intraperitonal fluid

Posterolateral pleural view

Which statement about the posterolateral pleural view is true?

Lung tissue is always visible in the posterolateral pleural view
The orientation marker should be aimed towards the patient’s head

Pelvic views

Which of the following statements regarding the pelvic views is correct?

The same structures are seen in the pelvic view in men and women
The image is a transverse pelvic view in a woman showing the bladder, uterus and rectum
The image is a longitunidal pelvic view in a man showing intestines, bladder and rectum
The pelvic view is essential in an examination of the abdominal aorta

FM-quiz EEU

FM-quiz EEU

Quiz Summary:

Information

Results

Results

Categories

Question1

“Lung sliding” and “lung pulse”

Question2

Abdominal aortic aneurism and rupture

Question3

Lung point

Question4

Free intraperitoneal fluid

Question5

B-lines and pulmonary edema

Question6

Sort elements

Question7

Keypoints of the S4C view

Question8

Intercostal view, identifying structures

Question9

Question10

2D sonoanatomy of the perisplenic and perihepatic views

Question11

Keypoints of the PLAX view

Question12

Pericardial fluid collection

Question13

Eyeballing left ventricular systolic function 1

Question14

Question15

Pulmonary embolism

Question16

Question17

Ultrasound physics

Question18

Question19

Correct orientation of the transducer

Question20

Key points of the abdominal aorta view

Question21

Optimizing depth and gain

Question22

Perihepatic view

Question23

Optimizing depth and gain

Question24

Perisplenic view

Question25

Posterolateral pleural view

Question26

Pelvic views